Bridge to the gut-brain axis with multi-omics from a Bifidobacterium longum strain in atopic dermatitis

The infant gut microbiome plays a critical role in human health and development. However, our understanding of its interactions with the human body and the implications for allergy development is currently limited. Our study investigated the gut microbiome of infants with atopic dermatitis (AD) and healthy controls during the first six months of life. We used multi-omics approaches to gain a deeper insight into microbiome-host interactions. We discovered distinct genetic signatures in Bifidobacterium strains present in infants with AD. These differences corresponded to changes in host transcripts. Our results underline an emerging hypothesis: strain-level differences may induce changes within the microbiome, affecting the host. This suggests that the gut-brain axis may influence the onset of AD.