Evacuation path Network database for: Evacuation paths in historic city centres: a holistic methodology for assessing their seismic risk

The database involves the Risk Assessment Tables concerning methods described in the manuscript entitled "Evacuation paths in historic city centres: a holistic methodology for assessing their seismic risk", in IJDRR. As reported in the manusript - Section 2.5, the Tables "are compiled for a paths sample concerning Italian historical city centres stricken by the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence, the 2012 Emilia Romagna region (Italy) and the 2009 Aquila (Italy) earthquake. Most of the considered links are highly affected by street pavement modifications or paths blockage due to instable slopes, landslide or debris accumulations that contribute to urban scenario modifications. For each link in the sample, I_(R,j) and I_(Rn,j) values are calculated following each proposed calculation approach. The damage level of each path is evaluated by comparing photographic documentation of links before and after the earthquake event, and by adopting the description of post-earthquake damages effects according to the Road Damage Scale (RDS) [1]. RDS can varies from 0 to 5 (integer scale). The adopted damage scale for paths considers damages due to landslides, unstable slopes and cracks to street, debris presence along the street and presence of failed external elements that could impede partially or completely the path accessibility. Then, I_(Rn,j)-RDS pairs are organized to evaluate the risk index capability in describing possible critical conditions in post-earthquake scenarios. The three proposed risk assessment approaches are considered validated if a higher risk index corresponds to a higher link damage level. According to general tri-linear trends in earthquake safety and damage assessment, by including fragility curves and studies on seismic vulnerability, a linear interpolation between I_(Rn,j)-RDS pairs is then performed according to previous studies approaches [1]. Finally, a comparison of produced regression lines is provided through the evaluation of coefficient of determination R2 to define the more suitable calculation approach (based on data fitting effectiveness) among the considered ones." The database has been also uploaded as supporting file and available at: https://goo.gl/yzHNTQ (last access: 2018/04/29).

References: 1-P. Anbazhagan, S. Srinivas, D. Chandran, Classification of road damage due to earthquakes, Natural Hazards. 60 (2012) 425–460. doi:10.1007/s11069-011-0025-0.

该数据库涉及《历史市中心疏散路径：评估其地震风险的综合性方法》一文中描述的方法所涉及的风险评估表格，该文发表于《国际灾害风险管理杂志》（IJDRR）。如文中第二章第五节所述，这些表格是为2016年意大利中部地震、2012年艾米利亚-罗马涅地区（意大利）以及2009年阿奎拉（意大利）地震中受影响的意大利历史市中心路径样本而编制的。大多数考虑的路径因街道路面改造、不稳定斜坡、滑坡或碎屑堆积等因素而受到严重影响，这些因素导致城市景观发生改变。对于样本中的每一条路径，根据每种提出的计算方法分别计算了I_(R,j)和I_(Rn,j)的值。通过比较地震前后路径的摄影资料，并采用《道路损坏等级量表》（RDS）[1]对地震后损坏效果进行描述，评估了每条路径的损坏等级。RDS量表从0至5（整数刻度）。采用的路径损坏等级量表考虑了滑坡、不稳定斜坡、街道裂缝、街道上的碎屑以及可能部分或完全阻碍路径可达性的损坏外部元素。然后，将I_(Rn,j)-RDS对组织起来，以评估风险指数在描述地震后可能出现的临界条件方面的能力。如果较高的风险指数对应于较高的路径损坏等级，则认为所提出的三个风险评估方法已得到验证。根据地震安全性和损坏评估的一般三线性趋势，通过包括脆性曲线和地震脆弱性研究，根据先前的研究方法[1]，对I_(Rn,j)-RDS对之间进行线性插值。最后，通过评估确定系数R2，对产生的回归线进行比较，以确定在考虑的方法中哪种计算方法（基于数据拟合的有效性）更为适宜。数据库作为支持文件也已上传，并可从以下链接获取：https://goo.gl/yzHNTQ（最后访问时间：2018/04/29）。

参考文献：1-P. Anbazhagan, S. Srinivas, D. Chandran, 地震引起的道路损坏分类，自然灾害，60 (2012) 425–460. doi:10.1007/s11069-011-0025-0.