Statistical significance of the differences in metabolite levels between frozen and nonfrozen oat crowns during days 0 to 14 after freezing.

ans = not significant. b*, **, *** and **** Denotes statistical significance at the P≤0.05, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001 levels, respectively, using a two-tailed t-test with FDR correction via Benjamini-Hochberg. cDenotes the metabolite was higher (↑) or lower (↓) in the frozen samples. One, two, three or four arrows indicate metabolite changes were ≤2-, >2≤5-, >5≤10, >10-fold, respectively. dnd = no metabolite detected. “r2Days” values are the coefficients of determination (correlation coefficients squared) of the changes in safranin staining or in metabolite levels during days 1 to 14 of growth after freezing. “r2Safranin” values are the coefficients of determination of the changes in metabolite levels in frozen crowns with the development of safranin staining tissue during days 1 to 14 of growth after freezing.