长江黄河源冻土分布情况及活动层厚度变化情况（1979-2022）

长江黄河源区地理位置偏远，自然条件恶劣，长期的冰冻圈要素观测站点较少，数据连续性较差，这些基础数据的缺失导致了冰冻圈变化过程不清，也限制了相关物理过程模型在冰冻圈变化中的模拟和应用。冻土分布及活动层厚度变化是气候变化的敏感指示器，影响生态系统、水资源、基础设施稳定性和防灾减灾，对区域可持续发展至关重要。利用GIPL2模型，以中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集（1979-2018）作为温度数据，充分考虑了未冻水含量等土壤理化性质，用实测站点对模拟精度进行验证，多层平均MAE在0.22°C-0.75°C之间，表现出较高的一致性。模拟了长江黄河源区年多年冻土分布情况及活动层厚度变化情况，时间跨度为1979-2022年，空间分辨率为10km。该数据产品结果可以为区域环境和水资源保护、三江源国家公园管理提供科学依据。

The source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers are geographically remote and have harsh natural conditions. There are fewer long-term observation stations for cryospheric elements in this area, and the continuity of observed data is poor. The lack of these basic data has led to unclear understanding of cryospheric change processes, and also restricted the simulation and application of relevant physical process models in cryospheric changes.
Permafrost distribution and active layer thickness changes are sensitive indicators of climate change. They affect ecosystems, water resources, infrastructure stability and disaster prevention and mitigation, and are crucial for regional sustainable development.
Using the GIPL2 model, this study adopted the China Regional Surface Meteorological Element Driving Dataset (1979-2018) as temperature input data, fully considered soil physical and chemical properties such as unfrozen water content, and validated the simulation accuracy using in-situ observation stations. The multi-layer average MAE ranges from 0.22°C to 0.75°C, indicating high consistency with observations.
This study simulated the annual permafrost distribution and active layer thickness changes in the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, with a time span of 1979-2022 and a spatial resolution of 10 km.
The results of this dataset can provide scientific basis for regional environmental and water resource conservation, as well as the management of the Sanjiangyuan National Park.