Supporting data spread sheet contains: S1 Table: Y-STR haplotypes, and predicted Y-haplogroups for 379 Qatari [Arab] males.

UP: unpredicted haplogroups. DYS389II.I represents the difference between the total repeat number at DYS389II and the repeat number at DYS389I. Fitness score (goodness of fit): a statistical measure that assesses how well a set of Y-STR (Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat) values align with the expected values for a specific haplogroup. Probability: a prediction or probability that a haplotype is in a particular haplogroup S2 Table: The quantification information for Qatari DNA samples. S3 Table: Allele frequency of Y-STR loci included in the PowerPlex Y23 kit in Qatari population. S4 Table: Forensic parameters of Y-STR loci included in the PowerPlex Y23 kit. The PowerPlex Y23 specific loci are highlighted in yellow. Gene diversity (GD), polymorphism information content (PIC), match probability (PM) and power of discrimination (PD). *The six loci not examined by the Yfiler kit are highlighted in yellow. S5 Table: Haplogroup Predictor results for the 379 Qatari male samples. *A1, *D, *H1, *O1 these haplogroups only appeared once. S6 Table: The matrix of pairwise genetic distance Rst of Y-STR between the Qatari population and the other Middle Eastern populations based on 17 Y-STR markers. S7 Table: Matrix plot showing population average pairwise differences based on 17 loci. Above diagonal: Average number of pairwise differences between populations (PiXY). Diagonal elements (yellow highlighted): Average number of pairwise differences within population (PiX). Below diagonal: Corrected average pairwise difference (PiXY-(PiX+PiY)/2). S8 Table: Estimation of migration rate in the Qatari population. (1) The migration routes between Qatar and Saudi Arabia; four models were tested. The most probable route was Qatar →Saudi, model 2. (2) The migration routes between Qatar and Yemen; four models were tested. The most probable route was the route Qatar →Yemen, model 2. (3) The migration routes between Qatar and Iraq; four models were tested. The most probable route was the route Qatar →Iraq, model 2. (4) The migration routes between Qatar and Kuwait; four models were tested and the most probable route was the route Qatar →Kuwait, model 2. 5. The migration routes between Qatar and the Emirates; four models were tested and the most probable route was the route Qatar → Emirates, model 2. (5) The migration routes between Qatar and the Emirates; four models were tested and the most probable route was the route Qatar → Emirates, model 2. (6) The most probable migration routes of each of the five countries were tested and the most probable migration route was Qatar →Yemen.
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