Regression analyses of ITS on the changes in patients’ costs.

Changes in level and slope in patients’ costs on medications (ME), antibiotics (AN), and on the very-restricted (VR) antibiotics were analyzed for both inpatients and outpatients in the 65 general hospitals. Patients’ total costs during hospital stay (TO) were analyzed for inpatients. The parameters of β1 to β5, expressed as Mean (SE), were described in the Methods. *p < 0.05; ** p< 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Regression analyses of ITS on the changes in patients’ costs.