Nano-composites Inhibit the Formation, Mitigate the Neurotoxicity and Facilitate the Removal of β-amyloid Aggregates in Alzheimer's Disease Mice

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is defined as an insidious and fatal<i> </i>aging-associated neurodegenerative disorder associated with progressive memory loss and cognitive decline<i>.</i> Among over one hundred attempts to treat these symptoms, despite certain degrees in symptomatic improvement, however, they still failed to reverse or even delay the progressive deterioration in cognitive capability, agitation, depression or psychosis. Recent studies revealed the pivotal role of β-amyloid (Aβ) in AD. The assembly of Aβ into pathological seeds, including toxic oligomers and their subsequent aggregates, constitutes the primary neuropathological hallmark. Unfortunately, there was no clear indication that current nanomaterials exerted any effect on mitigation of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and elimination of Aβ aggregates <i>in vivo</i>. Therefore, an effective AD therapy requires the development of new therapeutic agents that can modulate Aβ aggregations to reduce the amount of Aβ oligomers and fibrils, as well as accelerate elimination to restore Aβ balance in patient’s brain.