Food Insecurity Experience Scale 2018 - Singapore

Abstract
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Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 2.1 commits countries to end hunger, ensure access by all people to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year around. Indicator 2.1.2, "Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)", provides internationally-comparable estimates of the proportion of the population facing difficulties in accessing food. More detailed background information is available at http://www.fao.org/in-action/voices-of-the-hungry/fies/en/ .

The FIES-based indicators are compiled using the FIES survey module, containing 8 questions. Two indicators can be computed: 1. The proportion of the population experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity (SDG indicator 2.1.2), 2. The proportion of the population experiencing severe food insecurity. These data were collected by FAO through the Gallup World Poll. General information on the methodology can be found here: https://www.gallup.com/178667/gallup-world-poll-work.aspx. National institutions can also collect FIES data by including the FIES survey module in nationally representative surveys.

Microdata can be used to calculate the indicator 2.1.2 at national level. Instructions for computing this indicator are described in the methodological document available under the "DOCUMENTATION" tab above. Disaggregating results at sub-national level is not encouraged because estimates will suffer from substantial sampling and measurement error.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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Individuals

Universe
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Individuals of 15 years or older.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The Department of Statistics of Singapore maintains a sampling frame of residential addresses for the selection of samples for use in conducting household surveys.
Exclusions: Some condominiums were excluded due to restricted access. This exclusion represents no more than 12% of the population.
Design effect: 1.44

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face par [f2f]

Research instrument
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The questionnaire is provided as an external resource in the Documentation Section.

Cleaning operations
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Statistical validation assesses the quality of the FIES data collected by testing their consistency with the assumptions of the Rasch model. This analysis involves the interpretation of several statistics that reveal 1) items that do not perform well in a given context, 2) cases with highly erratic response patterns, 3) pairs of items that may be redundant, and 4) the proportion of total variance in the population that is accounted for by the measurement model.

Sampling error estimates
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The margin of error is estimated as 3.7 .This is calculated around a proportion at the 95% confidence level. The maximum margin of error was calculated assuming a reported percentage of 50% and takes into account the design effect.

Data appraisal
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The variable WHLDAY was not considered in the computation of the published FAO food insecurity indicator based on FIES due to the results of the validation process.

摘要
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可持续发展目标（SDG）2.1项要求各国承诺消除饥饿，确保所有人全年都能获得安全、营养充足的食物。指标2.1.2，'基于食物不安全经验量表（FIES）的轻度或重度食物不安全普遍率'，提供了国际上可比的估计值，反映了面临食物获取困难的人口比例。更详细的背景信息可在http://www.fao.org/in-action/voices-of-the-hungry/fies/en/ 获取。

基于FIES的指标是通过FIES调查模块编制的，包含8个问题。可以计算出两个指标：1. 经历轻度或重度食物不安全的人口比例（SDG指标2.1.2），2. 经历重度食物不安全的人口比例。这些数据由联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）通过盖洛普世界民意调查（Gallup World Poll）收集。有关方法论的详细信息可在https://www.gallup.com/178667/gallup-world-poll-work.aspx 查找。国家机构也可以通过在国家代表性调查中包含FIES调查模块来收集FIES数据。

微观数据可用于计算国家层面的指标2.1.2。计算此指标的说明可在上述“文档”标签下的方法论文件中找到。不鼓励在次国家层面分解结果，因为估计值将受到大量抽样和测量误差的影响。

地理覆盖范围
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国家

分析单元
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个人

总体
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15岁及以上的个人。

数据类型
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样本调查数据[ssd]

抽样程序
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新加坡统计局维护一套用于家庭调查样本选择的居住地址抽样框架。
排除情况：由于访问受限，一些公寓被排除在外。这种排除情况代表的人口比例不超过12%。
设计效应：1.44

数据收集方式
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面对面访谈[f2f]

研究工具
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问卷作为外部资源提供，可在“文档”部分找到。

清洗操作
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统计验证通过测试FIES数据的Rasch模型假设的一致性来评估其质量。此分析涉及解释几个统计量，揭示1)在特定环境中表现不佳的项目，2)具有高度异常响应模式的案例，3)可能重复的项目对，以及4)由测量模型解释的总体方差中的比例。

抽样误差估计
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误差范围估计为3.7。这是在95%置信水平下围绕比例计算的。最大误差范围是在假设报告百分比为50%的情况下计算的，并考虑了设计效应。

数据评估
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由于验证过程的结果，变量WHLDAY未考虑在内，用于基于FIES的已发布FAO食物不安全指标的计算。