Music_Exp_Prediction_Error

The scanning session began with an anatomical scan of the whole brain. There were three fMRI scanning runs for the present mode-switch study. Each run consisted of 24 trials and lasted 7.3 minutes. Each trial began with a silence (1.7 s) and a warning tone (2.5 kHz, 0.3 s). An auditory stimulus was presented from the beginning of the fourth second onwards. The participants were instructed to rate subjective emotional valence on a four-point Likert scale by pressing a button after hearing the final chord, the onset of which occurred between the 13.5 s and 14 s. The assignment of labels to the response buttons was counterbalanced across participants. Each of the 36 musical stimuli was presented twice throughout the scanning session. The 72 trials were presented in a pseudorandom order during the scanning session. No stimuli in the pre-scan test and practice session were presented in the scanning session of this study. Throughout the scanning session, the participants were instructed to close their eyes.