Incidence of healthcare associated infections with invasive devices and surgical procedures in Nepal

This data set is used in the following research paper:
Setting: Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal.
Objectives: Among inpatients with invasive devices and/or surgical procedures to 1) report the incidence of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), 2) compare demographic, clinical characteristics and hospital outcomes in those with and without HAIs and 3) verify bacterial types in HAI and Community Acquired Infections (CAIs).
Design: A cohort study using secondary data (December 2017 to April 2018)
Results: Of 1310 inpatients, 908 (69.3%) had surgical procedures, 125 (9.5%) had invasive devices and 277 (21.1%) both.
Sixty-six developed HAIs (incidence=5 [95% confidence interval 3.9-6.3] per 100 patient admissions). Individuals with HAIs had a 5.5-fold higher risk of longer hospital stays (≥7 days) and a 6.9-fold risk of being in intensive care compared to the surgical ward.
Unfavourable hospital exit outcomes were higher with HAIs (4.5%) compared to without (0.9%, P=0.02). The most common HAI bacteria (n=70), were Escherichia coli (44.3%), Enterococcus spp. (22.9%), and Klebsiella spp. (11.4%). Of 98 CAIs with 41 isolates, Escherichia coli (36.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (22.0%), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (14.6%) were common.
Conclusion: There is a low incidence of HAIs which reflects good infection prevention and control standards. This study serves as a baseline for future monitoring and informing action.