Parameter settings.

Gas explosions in coal mines pose a serious threat to miner safety and operational sustainability, often resulting in significant casualties and production losses. To address the deficiencies in emergency decision-making and preparedness, this study proposes a case-based reasoning (CBR) model for emergency response planning, using a representative gas explosion incident at Mine B as the target case. Historical accident cases were analyzed to extract and quantify key descriptive and decision-related attributes. A cloud model-based weighting method was employed to determine the relative importance of features, followed by improved K-nearest neighbor (KNN) retrieval for similar case matching. A multi-population genetic algorithm (MEA) was used to optimize the weights and thresholds of a backpropagation (BP) neural network for case adaptation and reuse. The cloud model was further introduced to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed emergency plans. Simulation results demonstrate that the model yields reliable and practical emergency responses, with the evaluated plan rated between “fair” and “good.” Finally, this study outlines implementation and safeguard measures for emergency plan execution, offering a scientifically grounded reference for coal mine enterprises to enhance gas explosion preparedness and response efficiency.