Cortical stimulation-based transcriptome shifts on Parkinson's disease animal model

Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Significant improvements in gait balance, particularly step length and velocity, were revealed by less-invasive wireless cortical stimulation. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to demonstrate the cellular mechanism, specifically targeting the primary motor cortex where the stimulation was applied. Our findings indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), initially down-regulated following Parkinson's disease induction, were subsequently restored to normal levels after cortical stimulation. We propose these DEGs as a potential target for motor disorder treatment in Parkinson's disease. These genes are implicated in crucial processes such as astrocyte-mediated blood vessel development and microglia-mediated phagocytosis of damaged motor neurons, suggesting their significant roles in improvement of behavior disorder. Moreover, these biomarkers not only facilitate rapid and accurate diagnosis of Parkinson's disease but also assist precision medicine approaches.帕金森病（Parkinson's disease）是第二大高发神经退行性疾病，以多巴胺能神经元变性为核心病理特征。研究表明，微创无线皮层刺激术可显著改善患者的步态平衡能力，尤其是步长与步速。本研究通过转录组测序（transcriptome sequencing）阐释该疗法的细胞作用机制，研究靶点为刺激所作用的初级运动皮层。结果显示，在帕金森病造模后初始下调的差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes, DEGs），经皮层刺激后可恢复至正常表达水平。我们提出上述DEGs可作为帕金森病运动障碍治疗的潜在靶点。这些基因参与了星形胶质细胞介导的血管发育、小胶质细胞介导的受损运动神经元吞噬等关键生理过程，提示其在改善行为障碍中发挥重要作用。此外，这些生物标志物不仅可实现帕金森病的快速精准诊断，还有助于精准医疗策略的实施。