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We conducted a literature search of peer-reviewed studies on the Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases before June 2024, using the following search term combinations: (fine root OR litter OR belowground) AND (decomposition OR decay OR breakdown) AND (N deposition OR N addition OR N application OR nutrient fertilization OR N supply OR N enrichment OR N availability). Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of 137 pairs of observed values to investigate the responses of fine root decomposition rate to N addition and to identify the primary factors influencing these responses under different roots classifications (i.e., root diameter and root order).