Ookla Speedtest for Global Broadband Performance

About Speedtest data is used today by commercial fixed and mobile network operators around the world to inform network buildout, improve global Internet quality, and increase Internet accessibility. Government regulators such as the United States Federal Communications Commission and the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission use Speedtest data to hold telecommunications entities accountable and direct funds for rural and urban connectivity development. Ookla licenses data to NGOs and educational institutions to fulfill its mission: to help make the internet better, faster and more accessible for everyone. Ookla hopes to further this mission by distributing the data to make it easier for individuals and organizations to use it for the purposes of bridging the social and economic gaps between those with and without modern Internet access. Data Overview Tiles Hundreds of millions of Speedtests are taken on the Ookla platform each month. In order to create a manageable dataset, we aggregate raw data into tiles. The size of a data tile is defined as a function of "zoom level" (or "z"). At z=0, the size of a tile is the size of the whole world. At z=1, the tile is split in half vertically and horizontally, creating 4 tiles that cover the globe. This tile-splitting continues as zoom level increases, causing tiles to become exponentially smaller as we zoom into a given region. By this definition, tile sizes are actually some fraction of the width/height of Earth according to Web Mercator projection (EPSG:3857). As such, tile size varies slightly depending on latitude, but tile sizes can be estimated in meters. For the purposes of these layers, a zoom level of 16 (z=16) is used for the tiling. This equates to a tile that is approximately 610.8 meters by 610.8 meters at the equator (18 arcsecond blocks). The geometry of each tile is represented in WGS 84 (EPSG:4326) in the tile field. The data can be found at: https://github.com/teamookla/ookla-open-data Update Cadence The tile aggregates start in Q1 2019 and go through the most recent quarter. They will be updated shortly after the conclusion of the quarter. Esri Processing This layer is a best available aggregation of the original Ookla dataset. This means that for each tile that data is available, the most recent data is used. So for instance, if data is available for a tile for Q2 2019 and for Q4 2020, the Q4 2020 data is awarded to the tile. The default visualization for the layer is the "broadband index". The broadband index is a bivariate index based on both the average download speed and the average upload speed. For Mobile, the score is indexed to a standard of 35 megabits per second (Mbps) download and 3 Mbps upload. A tile with average Speedtest results of 35/3 Mbps is awarded 100 points. Tiles with average speeds above 35/3 are shown in green, tiles with average speeds below this are shown in fuchsia. For Fixed, the score is indexed to a standard of 100 Mbps download and 20 Mbps upload. A tile with average Speedtest results of 100/20 Mbps is awarded 100 points. Tiles with average speeds above 100/20 are shown in green, tiles with average speeds below this are shown in fuchsia. Tile Attributes Each tile contains the following attributes: The year and the quarter that the tests were performed. The average download speed of all tests performed in the tile, represented in megabits per second. The average upload speed of all tests performed in the tile, represented in megabits per second. The average latency of all tests performed in the tile, represented in milliseconds The number of tests taken in the tile. The number of unique devices contributing tests in the tile. The quadkey representing the tile. Quadkeys Quadkeys can act as a unique identifier for the tile. This can be useful for joining data spatially from multiple periods (quarters), creating coarser spatial aggregations without using geospatial functions, spatial indexing, partitioning, and an alternative for storing and deriving the tile geometry. Layers There are two layers: Ookla_Mobile_Tiles - Tiles containing tests taken from mobile devices with GPS-quality location and a cellular connection type (e.g. 4G LTE, 5G NR). Ookla_Fixed_Tiles - Tiles containing tests taken from mobile devices with GPS-quality location and a non-cellular connection type (e.g. WiFi, ethernet). The layers are set to draw at scales 1:3,000,000 and larger. Time Period and Update Frequency Layers are generated based on a quarter year of data (three months) and files will be updated and added on a quarterly basis. A year=2020/quarter=1, the first quarter of the year 2020, would include all data generated on or after 2020-01-01 and before 2020-04-01. Data is subject to be reaggregated regularly in order to honor Data Subject Access Requests (DSAR) as is applicable in certain jurisdictions under laws including but not limited to General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), and Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD). Therefore, data accessed at different times may result in variation in the total number of tests, tiles, and resulting performance metrics.Speedtest数据如今被全球各地的商业固定与移动网络运营商用于指导网络建设、提升全球互联网质量以及增强互联网可及性。包括美国联邦通信委员会（United States Federal Communications Commission）、马来西亚通信与多媒体委员会（Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission）在内的政府监管机构，会利用Speedtest数据对电信实体进行问责，并为城乡连接发展拨付资金。Ookla将数据授权给非政府组织与教育机构，以践行其使命：助力让互联网对所有人都更美好、更快捷、更易获取。Ookla希望通过分发数据进一步推进这一使命，使个人与组织能够更便捷地利用该数据，弥合拥有现代互联网接入人群与未接入人群之间的社会与经济鸿沟。 数据概览与瓦片 每月有上亿次Speedtest测试在Ookla平台上完成。为构建可管理的数据集，我们将原始数据聚合为瓦片（tiles）。数据瓦片的尺寸由“缩放级别（zoom level，简称z）”决定。当z=0时，单个瓦片覆盖整个全球范围；当z=1时，瓦片在垂直与水平方向各拆分一次，形成4个覆盖全球的瓦片。随着缩放级别提升，瓦片拆分持续进行，瓦片尺寸随区域放大呈指数级缩小。根据此定义，瓦片尺寸实际上是基于Web墨卡托投影（Web Mercator projection，EPSG:3857）下地球宽高的比例份额。因此，瓦片尺寸会随纬度略有差异，但可按米为单位进行估算。本数据集图层采用缩放级别16（z=16）进行瓦片划分，对应赤道处约610.8米×610.8米的瓦片（18弧秒区块）。每个瓦片的几何信息以WGS 84（EPSG:4326）坐标系存储于tile字段中。数据获取地址为：https://github.com/teamookla/ookla-open-data 更新周期 瓦片聚合数据始于2019年第一季度，涵盖至最新季度，每季度结束后不久即会完成更新。 Esri处理说明 本图层为Ookla原始数据集的最优聚合结果。这意味着对于有可用数据的瓦片，将采用最新的数据进行聚合。例如，若某瓦片同时拥有2019年第二季度与2020年第四季度的数据，则优先使用2020年第四季度的数据。图层的默认可视化方式为“宽带指数（broadband index）”。该宽带指数为双变量综合指数，同时基于平均下载速度与平均上传速度计算得出。针对移动网络，该指数以35兆比特每秒（Mbps）下载、3兆比特每秒（Mbps）上传为标准值，若某瓦片的平均Speedtest结果达到35/3 Mbps，则得分为100分。平均速度高于该标准的瓦片将以绿色显示，低于该标准的瓦片则以洋红色显示。针对固定网络，该指数以100兆比特每秒（Mbps）下载、20兆比特每秒（Mbps）上传为标准值，若某瓦片的平均Speedtest结果达到100/20 Mbps，则得分为100分。平均速度高于该标准的瓦片将以绿色显示，低于该标准的瓦片则以洋红色显示。 瓦片属性 每个瓦片包含以下属性：测试执行的年份与季度、瓦片内所有测试的平均下载速度（单位：兆比特每秒）、瓦片内所有测试的平均上传速度（单位：兆比特每秒）、瓦片内所有测试的平均延迟（单位：毫秒）、瓦片内的测试总次数、瓦片内参与测试的唯一设备数量，以及代表该瓦片的四叉键（quadkey）。 四叉键 四叉键可作为瓦片的唯一标识符，可用于多周期（季度）数据的空间关联、无需借助地理空间函数即可构建更粗粒度的空间聚合、空间索引、分区，以及作为存储和推导瓦片几何信息的替代方案。 图层 本数据集包含两个图层： 1. Ookla_Mobile_Tiles：包含来自移动设备的测试数据，这些设备具备GPS级定位精度且使用蜂窝网络连接（例如4G LTE、5G NR）。 2. Ookla_Fixed_Tiles：包含来自移动设备的测试数据，这些设备具备GPS级定位精度且使用非蜂窝网络连接（例如WiFi、以太网）。 图层的绘制比例尺设置为1:3,000,000及更大比例尺。 时间周期与更新频率 图层基于一年一个季度（三个月）的数据生成，文件将按季度更新并新增。例如，year=2020/quarter=1即2020年第一季度，涵盖2020年1月1日00:00至2020年4月1日00:00之间产生的所有数据。根据部分司法辖区的法律法规（包括但不限于《通用数据保护条例（General Data Protection Regulation，GDPR）》、《加州消费者隐私法案（California Consumer Privacy Act，CCPA）》以及《巴西通用数据保护法（Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados，LGPD）》），为响应数据主体访问请求（Data Subject Access Requests，DSAR），数据会定期重新聚合。因此，在不同时间获取的数据，其测试总次数、瓦片数量及最终性能指标可能存在差异。