SAFETY OF SYSTEMIC ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY: ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT

This article examines the safety profile of systemic antifungal therapy with a focus on the risk of hearing impairment. Systemic antifungal agents, including amphotericin B, azoles, and echinocandins, are essential for treating invasive fungal infections but may induce ototoxicity in certain patients. The study reviews clinical trials, observational studies, and pharmacovigilance reports to assess the incidence, severity, and reversibility of auditory adverse effects. Patient-related risk factors, pharmacological mechanisms, and monitoring strategies are discussed to improve safety and minimize irreversible hearing loss. Recommendations for baseline audiometry, therapeutic drug monitoring, dose adjustment, and avoidance of concomitant ototoxic medications are provided to enhance clinical outcomes.