Missingness-aware MODIS diurnal LST benchmark dataset for Toronto and Vancouver, 2003–2025

This dataset contains release-ready daily city-level MODIS land surface temperature (LST) benchmark files for Toronto and Vancouver from 2003-01-01 to 2025-12-31. The release supports a missingness-aware benchmark of MODIS diurnal LST reconstruction and downstream forecasting in cloud-affected urban settings. The dataset includes reconstructed daily LST series for eight city-stream combinations: Toronto Terra Day, Toronto Terra Night, Toronto Aqua Day, Toronto Aqua Night, Vancouver Terra Day, Vancouver Terra Night, Vancouver Aqua Day, and Vancouver Aqua Night. Three reconstruction backbones are provided: augmented XGBoost, Singular Spectrum Analysis, and linear interpolation. The release also includes observation-source flags, pre-reconstruction gap-length metadata, retained retrieval-quality and cloud-context metadata, and a codebook. These files are intended to support reproducibility, methodological comparison, and downstream urban thermal analysis.