NOVA classification [29,30].

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional quality and degree of processing of packaged foods and beverages marketed to children in Türkiye using nutrient profiling models and the NOVA classification. A cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting packaging and label data from child-targeted food and beverage products available in grocery stores.The study was carried out in 23 grocery stores in Ankara, Türkiye. A total of 775 packaged food and beverage products marketed to children aged ≥3 years were analyzed. The products were assessed for compliance with four different nutrient profile models (NPMs) and classified according to the NOVA food processing system. Findings indicate that 93.2% of products did not comply with the WHO NPM-2023 criteria and should not be marketed to children. Additionally, the majority of these products were classified as Nutri-Score groups D and E (70%) and ultra-processed (92.7%). Ultra-processed foods had a significantly lower nutritional quality (p