Research data: Degradation modes of large-format stationary-storage LFP-based lithium-ion cells during calendaric and cyclic aging

This repository contains research data and Matlab figure versions of the following article: M. C. Yagci, O. Richter, R. Behmann, and W. G. Bessler, "Degradation modes of large-format stationary-storage LFP-based lithium-ion cells during calendaric and cyclic aging," J. Energy Storage 124, 116774 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2025.116774. If you use these data, you MUST cite BOTH the journal paper (reference above) AND this Zenodo repository: M. C. Yagci, O. Richter, R. Behmann, and W. G. Bessler, "Research data: Degradation modes of large-format stationary-storage LFP-based lithium-ion cells during calendaric and cyclic aging," Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22010995. Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries exhibit capacity loss as a result of the combined degrading effects of calendaric and cyclic aging. In this study, we quantify the lifetime of large-format (180 Ah) commercial stationary-storage lithium iron phosphate-based lithium-ion cells by performing 1500 cycles of cyclic aging and ca. 850 days of calendaric aging. The aging tests were performed at two different temperatures (35 °C and 50 °C) to observe the effect of temperature on aging. The calendaric aging cells were stored at two different states of charge (SOC) (100 % and 75 %) to observe the effect of SOC. At the end of aging tests, the capacity loss of all cells at 50 °C exceeded those of all cells at 35 °C. Temperature was thus identified as major aging driver. The observed global activation energy over all investigated aging protocols was 37.3 kJ/mol. Furthermore, aging modes (loss of lithium inventory and loss of active material) were investigated by differential voltage analysis of the charge-discharge curves; for the cyclic aging cells, this was performed on the cycling data directly. The degradation mode analysis showed that loss of lithium inventory is mainly responsible for capacity loss. Copyright and IP information: All data (c) 2025 by the authors. The research data and MATLAB code are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. Quick start: Open and run the Matlab script Data/plotExemplaryData.m. Note that the cell numbers in the paper (cell #1...#12) are mapped to the used laboratory labels (CA-181103-XX) as given in the file "Data/Cell labels paper vs. raw data.xlsx" Folders in this repository: - Data: Example Matlab script and summarizing Excel files- Data/Checkups: Raw data from the reference performance tests ("checkups"). Some data are provided as Matlab (.mat) files and some as text (.txt) files.- Data/Cycling: Raw data from the cyclic aging experiments (checkups taken out). These data are provided as Matlab (.mat) files.- Figures: All figures from the paper in enhanced metafile (.emf) format and native Matlab (.fig) format Acknowledgements: This work was co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund and the Land Baden-Württemberg in the framework of the LIBlife project (grant no. FEIH_KMU_1098567). The experiments were carried out in the Enerlab 4.0 laboratory which was funded by the BMBF (grant no. 13FH091IN6).