Assessment of pollination ecology of two understudied native mustards and the potential for interference from invasive garlic mustard

Comparing pollinator visitation rates and identity between two native mustards (Cardamine concatenata and Cardamine diphylla) and one invasive mustard (Alliaria petiolata). These native mustards are of interest for two reasons. First, they host rare, specialist insects (Pieris virginiensis and Phyllotreta bipustulata). Second, because C. concatenata and C. diphylla have a short phenological window for seasonal development and reproduction, they are at increased risk for mutualism disruption via global change pressures, such as potential pollination disruption from A. petiolata. In this study, we aimed to establish the rate of pollinator visitation as well as pollinator identity for each mustard using sites at the Holden Arboretum in Kirtland, Ohio, where these mustards co-occur. We established randomized 1m2 quadrats in which we counted the number of open flowers of each mustard species. We then recorded the number of visits and visually grouped pollinators into morphotype groupings. We..., , # Data from: Assessment of pollination ecology of two understudied native mustards and the potential for interference from invasive garlic mustard

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.66t1g1kfr](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.66t1g1kfr)

## Description of the data and file structure

The data associated with this submission were collected through the use of observational and collection quadrats within 4 study sites at the Holden Arboretum in Kirtland, Ohio. The CSV titled \"Poll.\_Eco\_(2026)\_raw\_data.csv\" includes observational counts of pollinators and visual morphotype identifications visiting three focal species (*Cardamine concatenata*, *Cardamine diphylla*, *Alliaria petiolata*) over the duration of the 2024 spring season (roughly Julian day 84 to day 128). Each row of data is representative of one 20-min sampling period in a 1 m^2^ quadrat. The CSV \"Poll.\_Eco.\_Insect\_coll\_Raw\_data.csv\" includes data pertaining to pollinator collections made in the same fashion as observational data...., ,