United Nations Surveys of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems Series, Waves 1-10, 1970-2006

The major goal of the United Nations Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems was to collect data on the incidence of reported crime and the operations of criminal justice systems with a view to improving the analysis and dissemination of that information globally. Surveys were distributed to officials in every member country of the United Nations. Designated officials completed the surveys to the best of their abilities given the country's available data. The survey questionnaire consisted of a series of questions which asked for data, primarily statistical, on the main components of the country's criminal justice system, for the given time period of the wave of data collection. To date, there have been ten waves of data collection. Crime variables include counts of recorded crime for homicide, assault, rape, robbery, theft, burglary, fraud, embezzlement, drug trafficking, drug possession, bribery, and corruption. There are also counts of suspects, persons prosecuted, persons convicted, and prison admissions by crime, gender, and adult or juvenile status. Other variables include the population of the country and largest city, budgets and salaries for police, courts, and prisons, and types of sanctions, including imprisonment, corporal punishment, deprivation of liberty, control of freedom, warning, fine, and community sentence. The countries participating in the survey and the variables available vary across the ten waves. There are two versions of the Wave 2 data (Part 2: Wave 2a , 1975-1980; Part 3: Wave 2b, 1975-1980) because, for various reasons, the variables from Wave 1 and some variables from Wave 2 were combined into one dataset. Similarly, some variables from Wave 2 were combined into one dataset with the variables from Wave 3. For this study, the combined Wave 1 and Wave 2 dataset was separated into Parts 1 and 2 (Wave 1, 1970-1975, and Wave 2a, 1976-1980, respectively) and the combined Wave 2 and Wave 3 dataset was separated into Parts 3 and 4 (Wave 2b, 1975-1980, and Wave 3, 1980-1986, respectively).

联合国关于犯罪趋势与刑事司法系统运作的调查的主要目标在于搜集有关报告犯罪发生率及刑事司法系统运作情况的数据，旨在提升全球范围内该信息的分析与传播。调查问卷被分发至联合国各成员国的高级官员手中。指定官员在考虑到本国可用数据的情况下，尽其所能完成调查。问卷由一系列问题构成，主要询问关于该国刑事司法系统主要组成部分的统计数据，以及数据收集波次所覆盖的时间段内的相关信息。截至目前，已进行了十次数据收集波次。犯罪变量包括谋杀、袭击、强奸、抢劫、盗窃、入室盗窃、欺诈、贪污、毒品走私、毒品持有、贿赂和腐败等记录犯罪的次数。同时还包括涉嫌者、被起诉者、被定罪者和因犯罪而入狱的人数，按犯罪类型、性别以及成年或未成年身份进行分类。其他变量还包括国家及最大城市的总人口、警察、法院和监狱的预算与薪酬，以及包括监禁、体罚、剥夺自由、自由控制、警告、罚款和社区服刑在内的处罚类型。参与调查的国家和可用的变量在十次波次中有所不同。Wave 2数据（第二部分：Wave 2a，1975-1980；第三部分：Wave 2b，1975-1980）存在两个版本，这是因为出于各种原因，Wave 1的变量以及Wave 2的部分变量被合并为一个数据集。类似地，Wave 2的部分变量与Wave 3的变量也被合并为一个数据集。在本研究中，Wave 1和Wave 2的合并数据集被划分为第一部分和第二部分（Wave 1，1970-1975和Wave 2a，1976-1980，分别）以及Wave 2和Wave 3的合并数据集被划分为第三部分和第四部分（Wave 2b，1975-1980和Wave 3，1980-1986，分别）。