T cell proliferation and activation in VNPs and PPs.

(A–B) The frequency of activated CD38+HLA-DR+ T cells in VNPs and PPs by flow cytometry: (A) total CD4+ CD38+HLA-DR+ T cells and (B) CD8+ CD38+HLA-DR+ T cells. (C–D) The frequency of proliferating (Ki67+) VNPs and PPs by flow cytometry: (C) total CD4+Ki67+ T cells and (D) total CD8+Ki67+ T cells. (E–G) The absolute count of Ki67+CD4+ T cell memory subsets measured by flow cytometry and lymphocyte count by CBC for: (E) CD4+Ki67+ TEM cells; (F) CD4+Ki67+ TCM cells; (G) and CD4+Ki67+ TSCM cells. p values from Mann Whitney T test. Line reflects median. Circles, VNPs; Squares, PPs.