Ergosterol with Anti-Tumor activity from the Sponge-Derived Fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. XWS03F09

Ergosterols are known for specific biological activities and have received widespread attention in cancer therapy. A kind of ergosterol was isolated and purified and its anti-melanoma effect was studied. We extracted, isolated, and purified a novel ergosterol compound LH-1 from the secondary metabolites of the marine fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. and further investigated the biological activities against melanoma. The anti-proliferation effect on tumor cells was detected by MTT and colony formation assay, and the anti-metastatic effect on tumor cells was investigated by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Subcutaneous xenograft models, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry have been used to verify the anti-tumor, toxic, and side effect in vivo. And the anti-tumor mechanism of LH-1 was studied by mRNA sequencing. In vitro, LH-1 could inhibit the proliferation and migration of melanoma cells A375 and B16-F10 in a dose-dependent manner and promote tumor cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.