Optimizing GLP-1RA Efficacy: A Meta-Analysis of Baseline Age and HbA1c as Predictors of MACE Reduction in T2DM

This repository contains data and code supporting a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study, conducted by Dr. Samit Ghosal (Nightingale Hospital, Kolkata, India) and Miss. Anuradha Ghosal (Aston University, Birmingham, UK), included 12 randomized controlled cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) with 74,140 participants, identified through PRISMA-guided searches of PubMed (538 records) and Google Scholar (362 records), with 154 duplicates removed.
The primary analysis employed a random-effects model to estimate a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81–0.94), indicating a 13% MACE risk reduction, with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 26.7%, prediction interval 0.75–1.01). Secondary multivariate meta-regression identified BMI (p = 0.0036), SBP (p = 0.0218 in FREEDOM-CVO SBP = 147.0 scenario), and a near-significant Diabetes Duration (p = 0.0985) as moderators, visualized with bubble plots. Sensitivity analyses excluded FREEDOM-CVO, ELIXA, and PIONEER 6 to assess robustness. Risk of bias was evaluated using the RoB 2 Tool, and GRADE assessed evidence certainty as moderate.
Files include:
PubMed_search_strategy.txtmace_meta_analysis_complete.RThis repository ensures reproducibility, with data accessible for validation or future research. Contact: [e-mail].