Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Croplands

Stabilizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from croplands as agricultural demand grows is a critical component of climate change mitigation. Emissions intensity metrics—including carbon dioxide equivalent emissions per kilocalorie produced ('production intensity') -- can highlight regions, management practices, and crops as potential foci for mitigation. Yet the spatial and crop-wise distribution of emissions intensity has been uncertain. Here, we develop global crop-specific circa 2000 estimates of GHG emissions and GHG intensity in high spatial detail, reporting the effects of rice paddy management, peatland draining, and nitrogen (N) fertilizer on CH4, CO2 and N2O emissions. Global mean production intensity is 0.16 Mg CO2e M kcal-1, yet certain cropping practices contribute disproportionately to emissions. Peatland drainage (3.7 Mg CO2e M kcal-1) -- concentrated in Europe and Indonesia—accounts for 32% of these cropland emissions despite peatlands producing just 1.1% of total crop kilocalories. Methane emissions from rice (0.58 Mg CO2e M kcal-1), a crucial food staple supplying 15% of total crop kilocalories, contribute 48% of cropland emissions, with outsized production intensity in Vietnam. In contrast, N2O emissions from N fertilizer application (0.033 Mg CO2e M kcal-1) generate only 20% of cropland emissions. We find that current total GHG emissions are largely unrelated to production intensity across crops and countries. Climate mitigation policies should therefore be directed to locations where crops have both high emissions and high intensities.
This download provides three datasets aggregated from the original output of the 172 crops; total emissions from croplands, per kilocalorie emissions from croplands and per food kilocalorie emissions from cropland. Downloads are available in Geotiff (.tif), NetCDF (.nc), or Google Earth (.kmz) formats.
Funded by USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative fellowship 2016-67012-25208 and NIFA Hatch project HAW01136-H. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: EarthStat Data Download. File Name: Web Page, url: http://www.earthstat.org/data-download/ This download provides three datasets aggregated from the original output of the 172 crops; total emissions from croplands, per kilocalorie emissions from croplands and per food kilocalorie emissions from cropland. Downloads are available in Geotiff (.tif), NetCDF (.nc), or Google Earth (.kmz) formats.

稳定农业需求增长背景下农田温室气体（GHG）排放，是减缓气候变化的关键组成部分。排放强度指标，包括每千卡热量产生的二氧化碳当量排放（'生产强度'）—能够凸显区域、管理实践和作物作为缓解工作的潜在焦点。然而，排放强度的空间和作物分布尚不明确。在此，我们开发了一套全球性的、针对特定作物的2000年左右估算的GHG排放和排放强度，以高空间分辨率报告了稻田管理、泥炭地排干和氮（N）肥对甲烷、二氧化碳和氧化亚氮排放的影响。全球平均生产强度为0.16 Mg CO2e M kcal-1，然而某些耕作实践对排放的贡献不成比例。泥炭地排干（3.7 Mg CO2e M kcal-1）—主要集中在欧洲和印度尼西亚—占这些农田排放的32%，尽管泥炭地仅生产了总作物千卡量的1.1%。水稻产生的甲烷排放（0.58 Mg CO2e M kcal-1），作为一种至关重要的粮食作物，提供了总作物千卡量的15%，贡献了48%的农田排放，在越南的生产强度尤为突出。相比之下，氮肥应用产生的氧化亚氮排放（0.033 Mg CO2e M kcal-1）仅产生20%的农田排放。我们发现，当前的总GHG排放与作物和各国之间的生产强度大多无关。因此，气候缓解政策应针对那些作物排放量和强度都较高的地区。本下载提供三个数据集，这些数据集由172种作物的原始输出汇总而来；包括农田总排放量、每千卡农田排放量和每千卡粮食作物排放量。下载格式包括Geotiff (.tif)、NetCDF (.nc)或Google Earth (.kmz)格式。本数据集由美国农业部农业和食品研究倡议2016-67012-25208 fellowship和NIFA Hatch项目HAW01136-H资助。数据集资源标题为EarthStat数据下载，文件名为Web Page，URL为http://www.earthstat.org/data-download/。