Rainfall and water-level data and analysis outputs for high-water estimation and flood forecasting assessment in northern Thailand

This dataset contains rainfall and water-level observations and analysis outputs supporting the study “Estimating high water levels and assessing the value of rainfall for flood forecasting in northern Thailand.” The study examines 68 reviewed rainfall–water-level events at three stations: NAN001 (21 events), TBW022 (24 events), and FOP052 (23 events). Retrospective analyses evaluate relationships between event rainfall and trough-to-peak water-level rise and compare peak-level equations using rainfall alone, antecedent water level alone, and both inputs. A separate chronological experiment evaluates forecasts of the maximum water level over the next 24 hours for 19 events. The package includes: Raw rainfall and water-level records consolidated by station and variable, with station metadata. Station-screening summaries and selection evidence. Data-quality assessments, reviewed event records, and derived variables. Correlation results, fitted equations, leave-one-year-out predictions, sensitivity analyses, and uncertainty estimates. Forecast eligibility records, predictions, and event-level and station-level performance metrics. Tables, figures, and analysis source code. Original observations were obtained from the Hydro-Informatics Institute (HII), Thailand. Consolidation retains original observation values, duplicate records, and missing-value codes without interpolation or filtering. Rainfall is expressed in millimetres and water levels in metres relative to each station’s reference datum. Text in the tables is presented in Thai, as recorded in the original source data. The findings apply to the selected stations, events, and study periods. Historical analysis scripts may require adaptation of file paths and external dependencies; a complete standalone reproduction workflow has not been validated. This project was supported by Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage, Pathum Thani Province, Thailand (Contract No. VRU-FF69/018).