两种激光熔覆涂层对轮轨材料磨损与损伤性能的影响

选用钴基合金粉末和铁基合金粉末，利用CO2多模激光器对轮轨材料进行激光熔覆处理. 分析了钴基合金涂层和铁基合金涂层的微观组织、成分、硬度与应力状态. 未处理试样表面残余应力为拉应力，激光熔覆处理后，涂层表面残余应力为压应力. 利用MJP-30A滚动接触疲劳试验机对激光熔覆处理前后轮轨试样进行滚动摩擦磨损试验. 结果表明：激光熔覆处理后轮轨试样磨损率明显降低，其中激光熔覆钴基合金后，轮轨试样磨损率分别降低96.7%和98.9%，激光熔覆铁基合金后，轮轨试样磨损率分别降低81.7%和93.5%. 未处理轮轨试样表面损伤为疲劳损伤；钴基合金涂层表面损伤最轻微，磨痕表面光滑，出现轻微的小块剥落；铁基合金涂层表面出现细小裂纹和犁沟.Cobalt-based alloy powders and iron-based alloy powders were selected to perform laser cladding treatment on wheel-rail materials using a CO₂ multi-mode laser. The microstructures, compositions, hardness, and stress states of the cobalt-based alloy coatings and iron-based alloy coatings were analyzed. The surface residual stress of the untreated specimens was tensile stress, whereas the surface residual stress of the coatings after laser cladding treatment was compressive stress. Rolling friction and wear tests were conducted on the wheel-rail specimens before and after laser cladding treatment using an MJP-30A rolling contact fatigue testing machine. The results showed that the wear rate of the wheel-rail specimens was significantly reduced after laser cladding treatment. Specifically, after laser cladding with cobalt-based alloy, the wear rates of the wheel-rail specimens decreased by 96.7% and 98.9% respectively; after laser cladding with iron-based alloy, the wear rates decreased by 81.7% and 93.5% respectively. The surface damage of the untreated wheel-rail specimens was fatigue damage; the cobalt-based alloy coating had the mildest surface damage, with a smooth wear scar surface and slight small-scale spalling; fine cracks and ploughing grooves appeared on the surface of the iron-based alloy coatings.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集研究了钴基和铁基合金激光熔覆涂层对轮轨材料性能的影响，通过分析涂层的微观组织、硬度和应力状态，并进行滚动摩擦磨损试验。结果表明，激光熔覆处理能显著降低轮轨试样的磨损率，其中钴基合金涂层效果更优，磨损率降低高达96.7%和98.9%，且表面损伤轻微；铁基合金涂层也有改善，但出现细小裂纹和犁沟。数据集突出了激光熔覆技术在提高轮轨材料耐磨性和减少损伤方面的应用潜力。