Construction of Vascularized Adipose Organoids and Their Application in Drug Efficacy Evaluation.

This study successfully established a three-dimensional (3D) vascularized adipose organoid model using peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSC) to mimic the physiological structure and function of human adipose tissue. Transcriptomic analysis revealed unique gene expression profiles related to adipocyte differentiation, tissue maturation, and metabolic pathways. Additionally, drug intervention experiments demonstrated that Celastrol effectively inhibited both angiogenesis and adipogenesis, while modulating the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. The vascularized adipose organoid model developed in this study provides a powerful tool for investigating adipose tissue biology, metabolic disease mechanisms, and drug screening, with promising applications in personalized medicine and regenerative medicine. Overall design: First, a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis was performed to compare the gene expression profiles of vascularized adipose organoids and standard adipose organoids. Then, vascularized adipose organoids were used to assess the effects of Celastrol, followed by a transcriptomic analysis to compare the gene expression profiles with Celastrol treatment.