Existing Valuations for Water-Related Externalities - Sorted by Externality Type : data

The dataset is a compendium of existing economic valuations of externalities relevant to water service options. Policy and decision makers often need to compare the costs and benefits of water service options across the entire life cycle. If a comprehensive assessment based on long-term and community impacts is sought, then a consideration of "externalities" becomes vital. Externalities are positive and negative effects that are not taken into account directly in market-place transactions; they typically involve welfare effects on others not involved in the transaction, often effect long-term or unknown outcomes upon community well-being, and are part of complex cause-effect chains (for example, the positive recreational gardening impacts of residential rainwater tanks). The dataset includes economic value estimates for externality types including greenhouse gas emissions, energy use, water quality, nutrients, production, recreation, amenity (including visual impacts), health, ecosystems and biodiversity. The compendium includes information about a range of studies conducted in 1981-2009 in various locations. Valuation techniques include damage cost modelling, proposed carbon prices, contingent valuation (CV), hedonic prices, avertive expenditure, choice modelling, market data, Value of a Statistical Life (VSL), cost of illness and travel costs. The resulting compendium of value estimates will be of widespread use to practitioners concerned with sustainable water management (and, indeed, for strategic resource management purposes in general). The compendium can be used in many ways including the sourcing of estimates for social cost-benefit analysis and other decision-making or policy formation processes where a full range of externalities are considered. However, specific data limitations may affect the efficacy of the compendium; these are outlined in the associated report.