Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) composition of fish sperm: nexus of dietary, evolutionary, and biomechanical drivers

In this study, we targeted the three most abundant model LCPUFAs in fish sperm for data exploration; namely, ARA, EPA, and DHA. Then we also considered the total omega-6 series PUFA (total n-6 PUFA) and total omega-3 series PUFA (total n-3 PUFA). We aimed at understanding the importance, plasticity, and their respective stoichiometry in fish sperm by a data-driven approach: how the diet may affect it, and/or, if there is some genomic (evolutionary) influence on it. Our scientific question was to understand if: (1) some LCPUFA (in its entirety or stoichiometrically) in sperm is labile to change due to perturbations in feed, or (2) if does not have much plasticity for change, even if dietary supply change. Further, we explored by a thought-experiment if the stoichiometry of certain non-plastic sperm LCPUFAs may have an evolutionary background. The focus of our current review is on these typical fatty acids composition, which is important for structural fluidity, inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory responses during swimming in an external environment (mostly). The present study helps us to understand this in greater detail across dietary treatments and phylogeny.

The dataset comprise of three main folders: (1) MasterFile Raw Data: detailed fatty acid data collected from literature and own sources; (2) Statistical datasets: extracted data from masterfile for conducting individual analysis; (3) Visualization dataset: extracted data from masterfile to produce 'summarizing' visualization of raw data.

在本项研究中，我们针对鱼类精子中最丰富的三种长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）进行了数据探索，即花生四烯酸（ARA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。随后，我们还考虑了总ω-6系列多不饱和脂肪酸（总n-6 PUFA）和总ω-3系列多不饱和脂肪酸（总n-3 PUFA）。我们旨在通过数据驱动的途径，即了解饮食如何影响，以及/或是否存在某种基因组（进化）影响，来探讨其在鱼类精子中的重要性、可塑性和各自的比例关系。我们的科学问题是理解：1）精子中的某些LCPUFA（整体或按比例）是否容易因饲料的扰动而发生变化，或者2）即使饮食供应发生变化，它们也不具备很高的可塑性。此外，通过一种思想实验，我们探讨了某些非可塑精子LCPUFA的比例关系是否具有进化背景。我们当前综述的重点在于这些典型的脂肪酸组成，这对于在外部环境（主要）游泳过程中的结构流动性、炎症和抗炎反应至关重要。本研究有助于我们更深入地理解这一现象，跨越饮食处理和系统发育学。该数据集包含三个主要文件夹：（1）主文件原始数据：从文献和自源收集的详细脂肪酸数据；（2）统计数据集：从主文件中提取的数据，用于进行个体分析；（3）可视化数据集：从主文件中提取的数据，用于生成原始数据的‘总结’可视化。