Concentration (pg/ml, mean ± SEM) of cytokines measured in media taken from primary human macrophages after incubation with vehicle (PBS) or acLDL with or without HDL.

Media was added to skeletal myotube cultures at a concentration of 2% (diluted in regular media). *indicates significantly increased above Con, PGM-CSF, granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor; IL-8, interleukin-8; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1ra, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; MCP1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α; MIP-1β, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β; RANTES, regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted; IL-10, interleukin-10.