Code and data for place hierarchies

The code and data are related to the paper Combining hierarchies for spatial reasoning of hierarchical relations among places in different contexts. Abstract: Spatial reasoning of hierarchical relations is an important research topic in geographic information science. Existing literature focuses mainly on hierarchical relations according to ordered containment of point sets based on the 9-Intersection Model (9IM). However, in natural language descriptions, hierarchical relations expressed by prepositions such as in can have spatial configurations conflicting with those hierarchical relations based on 9IM. This paper proposes an algorithm employing combined hierarchies to infer hierarchical relations among places in different contexts. Two graph databases containing combined hierarchies conforming to administrative reach and geometric enclosure are established with places represented by polygons with misaligned boundaries on prototypical and real data. The 13170 pairs of conflicting hierarchical relations with same start nodes but different end nodes detected in the combined hierarchies on real data validate the proposed algorithm for spatial reasoning of hierarchical relations in different contexts. This research facilitates consistent spatial reasoning of hierarchical relations in different contexts for spatial information retrieval and question answering. File descriptions:The instructions.md file specifies the steps to use other files.The createcontainlist_phy_publish.ipynb file is the code to derive hierarchical relations conforming to administrative reach and geometic enclosure.The db.dump file is the back up of the graph database of global administrative units in neo4j desktop.The neo4j.dump file is the back up of the graph database of prototypical data in neo4j desktop.

代码与数据与论文《结合层次结构以实现不同情境下地点间层次关系的空间推理》相关。摘要：空间推理中层次关系的处理是地理信息科学领域的一个重要研究课题。现有文献主要关注基于9-交模型（9IM）的点集有序包含的层次关系。然而，在自然语言描述中，诸如“在...之中”等介词所表达的空间层次关系可能与基于9IM的层次关系存在冲突。本文提出了一种算法，该算法采用结合层次结构来推断不同情境下地点间的层次关系。建立了两个包含符合行政管辖范围和几何封闭性的结合层次结构的图数据库，其中地点由具有错位边界的多边形表示，这些多边形基于典型数据和实际数据进行表示。在真实数据上检测到的13170对具有相同起始节点但不同终止节点的冲突层次关系，验证了所提出的算法在不同情境下进行空间层次关系推理的有效性。本研究有助于在不同情境下实现空间信息检索和问题解答中的层次关系推理的一致性。文件描述：instructions.md文件规定了使用其他文件的步骤。createcontainlist_phy_publish.ipynb文件包含推导符合行政管辖范围和几何封闭性的层次关系的代码。db.dump文件是neo4j desktop中全球行政单元图数据库的备份。neo4j.dump文件是neo4j desktop中典型数据图数据库的备份。