The Green District Heating System

How is it possible to meet the government's 2035-goals whilst continuously supplying district heating in Denmark at low costs and at a high security of supply? This semester project analyses the possibilities of replacing the in-renewable heat production from the coal-fired CHP production unit FV07 at Fynsværket, with large industrial heat pumps. When using heat pumps as the only supply unit, regulatory energy is required to maintain the security of supply. This project analyses the possibilities of using a heat storage facility to supply the district heating in times where the electricity price is _ high. To analyse the scenario, a MATLAB model is set up, minimising the hourly production costs and determining the minimum heat pump capacity and storage capacity needed to meet the demand in Fjernvarme Fyn's supply area. Legislative and financial aspects of shutting down CHP plants and integrating heat pumps are considered. As the district heating production becomes reliant on the electricity production, the overall consumer costs in a heat pump based network will fluctuate with respect to the Nordpool spot price. This could set the foundation for making the district heating sector hourly charged, allocating the demand and lowering the price. Furthermore, the model concludes that the overall costs in the heat pump scenario becomes significantly lower than in the current network, as the fuel costs, including the CO2-quotas, are eliminated.

如何在以低成本、高供应保障持续为丹麦提供区域供热的同时，达成政府2035年目标？本学期项目旨在探讨将芬斯沃克（Fynsværket）FV07燃煤热电联产（Combined Heat and Power, CHP）机组的不可再生供热产能替换为大型工业热泵的可行性。若仅以热泵作为唯一供热供应单元，则需依托调控性能源以维持供应保障能力。本项目同时探讨利用储热设施在电价高企时段补充区域供热供应的可行性。为分析该场景，本研究搭建了MATLAB模型，以最小化小时级生产成本为目标，测算满足菲恩区域供热公司（Fjernvarme Fyn）供应区域内供热需求所需的最小热泵装机容量与储热容量。研究同时考量了关停热电联产机组与接入热泵系统相关的立法与财务层面问题。由于区域供热生产将依赖电力生产，基于热泵的供热网络的整体用户成本将随北欧电力交易所（Nord Pool）现货价格波动。这将为区域供热行业推行小时计费、优化需求分配并降低供热价格奠定基础。此外，模型结果显示，由于消除了包括碳配额在内的燃料成本，热泵供热场景下的整体成本将显著低于当前供热网络。