Executive Functions in the Prediction of Academic Performance in Elementary Education

Abstract The study investigated predictive models of reading and arithmetic based on performance and functional measures of executive functions (EF’s). Ninety-four children (mean age = 6.14y) were evaluated through EF performance tests. Parents and teachers responded to a functional measure of EF. Two years later, children’s reading and arithmetic were evaluated. There were low correlations between EF and later academic performance. For the reading model, inhibition was a relevant variable, with no gain in the prediction with the joint consideration of different EF measures. For arithmetic, attention and delay aversion presented a relevant contribution. When functional measure was considered, the model’s prediction increased. The study indicated skills of interest in identifying children at risk of poor academic performance.