Impact of Grazing Regulation on Soil Chemistry Across Different Vegetation Types and Soil Properties in Typical Grassland Ecosystems

The dataset used in this study was collected from long-term field experiments conducted in the Xilingol region of Inner Mongolia, China, a representative temperate grassland ecosystem. Four dominant grassland community types—Stipa grandis, Leymus chinensis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, and Artemisia frigida—were selected as study sites to capture ecological variability across vegetation and soil conditions.Vegetation data were obtained through systematic field surveys over three consecutive growing seasons (2021–2023). For each community type, quadrat sampling was conducted to measure aboveground biomass, species composition, coverage, and diversity indices.Soil data were collected in parallel from corresponding quadrats at two depths (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm). Key soil physicochemical properties analyzed include soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nutrients, soil pH, bulk density, and moisture content. These indicators were chosen to comprehensively evaluate the impacts of grazing intensity on soil nutrient dynamics and ecosystem functions.Together, the dataset integrates vegetation characteristics and soil properties across varying grazing intensities, enabling a multi-dimensional analysis of grazing regulation on ecosystem structure and nutrient cycling. The three-year timescale strengthens the robustness of the dataset and allows us to assess both inter-annual variability and community-specific resilience to grazing pressure.