Free Africans and Concessionaires, Rio de Janeiro, 1860

This dataset is drawn from an enhanced transcription of \"Relação de todos os Africanos livres que athé o presente data ainda se acham sob a responsabilidade dos particulares a quem foram confiados. Extrahidos em o mez de Março de 1860,\" an 111-page hand-written nominal registry of 849 private concessionaires (also known as “guardians”) and 1,342 Free Africans (also known as emancipados or Liberated Africans) residing in Brazil in early 1860. The manuscript lists Free Africans originally emancipated between 1834 and 1849 who remained under apprenticeship in private households in Rio de Janeiro, nearby Niterói, and towns in the interior. The registry lists the complete name of a concessionaire, a residence, and the given name(s) and nation(s) of the African(s) under compulsory tutelage. Additional transcribed information includes the number of years since the original concession and the annual fee (labeled as a “salary”) paid by the concessionaire to the Brazilian government, to be held to offset the costs of the African’s eventual “re-exportation.”