Rumen microecology on beef cattle treated with mulberry and navel orange residue mixed microbial silage

This study investigated the rumen microecology on beef cattle treated with the mulberry and navel orange residue mixed microbial silage. 24 Simmental crossbred beef cattle (aged 20 to 22 months, n = 6 per group) were randomly divided into four dietary treatments : CON group, SQ1 group, SQ2 group, and SQ3 group were randomly fed with 0%, 20%, 30%, 40% of the mixed. The trial lasted for 90 days. A rumen fluid sampler attached to a gastric tube was inserted into the rumen via the esophagus, and 150 to 200 mL of rumen fluid was aspirated using a syringe. Fresh rumen fluid intended for the analysis of rumen fermentation characteristics was filtered through four layers of sterile gauze.