Data from: Ecological genomics meets community-level modeling of biodiversity: mapping the genomic landscape of current and future environmental adaptation

Local adaptation is a central feature of most species occupying spatially
heterogeneous environments, and may factor critically in responses to
environmental change. However, most efforts to model the response of
species to climate change ignore intraspecific variation due to local
adaptation. Here, we present a new perspective on spatial modelling of
organism–environment relationships that combines genomic data and
community-level modelling to develop scenarios regarding the geographic
distribution of genomic variation in response to environmental change.
Rather than modelling species within communities, we use these techniques
to model large numbers of loci across genomes. Using balsam poplar
(Populus balsamifera) as a case study, we demonstrate how our framework
can accommodate nonlinear responses of loci to environmental gradients. We
identify a threshold response to temperature in the circadian clock gene
GIGANTEA-5 (GI5), suggesting that this gene has experienced strong local
adaptation to temperature. We also demonstrate how these methods can map
ecological adaptation from genomic data, including the identification of
predicted differences in the genetic composition of populations under
current and future climates. Community-level modelling of genomic
variation represents an important advance in landscape genomics and
spatial modelling of biodiversity that moves beyond species-level
assessments of climate change vulnerability.