A comparative analysis of Lophodermium fissuratum, sp. nov., found in haploxylon pine needles in the Pacific Northwest, and other Lophodermium endophytes

Lophodermium is a large fungal genus consisting of over 100 named species, with ca. 38 of these commonly found as endophytes of pine needles. In this study, we use both morphological and sequencing data to describe a new Lophodermium species associated with haploxylon pines from the Pacific Northwest. This new species resembled the morphology of L. nitens, another commonly occurring species from the same geographic regions and host species. They both present dark subcuticular ascocarps without lips. However, the upper walls of their ascocarps are different, as the new species forms an inward V-shaped folding, not present in L. nitens. Phylogenies using nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer barcodes (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), partial D1–D2 domains of nuc rDNA 28S, and partial sequences of the nuc actin gene confirmed that this species represents a unique lineage not closely related to L. nitens. We discuss the current state of the phylogeny in light of all currently available sequences from pine-associated Lophodermium species.