Differences in FGM, metabolic and lipid measures in captive elephants under different management conditions.

Mean (± SEM) and range values (min–max) are presented. Fecal samples were collected for glucocorticoid analyses, and visual body condition scores were determined based on a set of photographs. Blood samples were collected to assess lipid and metabolic status for 1 year including High and Low season. The elephants were housed at five elephant camps in Northern Thailand, and studied to determine how management (e.g., work activities, feeding, work type) affected physiological function.