Bioenergetic modeling reveals opposing effects of ocean and terrestrial warming of an intertidal crustacean

Organism-level bioenergetics models (OBMs) are an emerging tool to predict organism-level consequences to dynamic temperature in field environments. Here we use an OBM to assess sensitivity to ocean and atmospheric warming for an intertidal barnacle, Balanus glandulus. We measure environmental conditions (aerial and aquatic temperature) at three intertidal heights over two 6-month intervals and compare observed growth to growth estimates based on a Numerical Scope for Growth model. This OBM integrates the effects of multiple thermal responses (e.g. feeding, respiration) in multiple contexts (aerial, aquatic). 

Methods
Length and growth measurements are determined from photoquadrat pixel data. Seperate experiments were used to characterize B. glandula response to temperature. This includes aquatic feeding, aquatic respiration, aerial exposure and recovery respiration. We also include an independent growth dataset (subtidal) used to parameterize the model.