The impact of human activities on the trade-off/synergy relationship of ecosystem services in the Loess Plateau

This study focuses on the Loess Plateau region from 2000 to 2020, aiming to reveal the impact of human activities on the trade-offs/synergies between ecosystem services (food production, soil conservation, water production, carbon sequestration) at the grid and county scales. Research on integrating multiple periods (2000, 2010, 2020) of land use, socio-economic, and natural environment data, constructing a spatially explicit Human Activity Intensity Index (HAI) based on the ArcGIS platform, and applying the InVEST model to quantitatively evaluate the spatial distribution pattern of key ecosystem services. On this basis, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the trade-offs/synergies between ecosystem services are quantitatively characterized through correlation analysis and difference comparison methods, and the spatial heterogeneity and scale effects of human activity intensity on these trade-offs/synergies are finally measured using a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model.