Near-Real-Time Long-Term Monthly Water Dataset (NMWBD) for Fenshui River Basin

The NMWBD is produced in three major steps. Step 1, the JRC Monthly Water History (JRC MWH) dataset from 1990 to 2021 is integrated with multi-source knowledge and a deep learning model to address data gaps. Additionally, a time-series anomaly detection method is applied to identify and remove data anomalies. Step 2, to improve the timeliness of the JRC MWH dataset, recent monthly water body data from 2019 to 2023 are derived from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite images. Step 3, the processed historical water body data from JRC MWH and the recent water body data extracted from Sentinel images are combined to construct the NMWBD at a 30 m resolution, spanning 1990 to 2023.