A feedback-controlled ensemble model of the stress-responsive hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

The present work develops and implements a biomathematical statement of how reciprocal connectivity drives stress-adaptive homeostasis in the corticotropic (hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal) axis. In initial analyses with this interactive construct, we test six specific a priori hypotheses of mechanisms linking circadian (24-h) rhythmicity to pulsatile secretory output. This formulation offers a dynamic framework for later statistical estimation of unobserved in vivo neurohormone secretion and within-axis, dose-responsive interfaces in health and disease. Explication of the core dynamics of the stress-responsive corticotropic axis based on secure physiological precepts should help to unveil new biomedical hypotheses of stressor-specific system failure.