INFLAMMATION: MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Inflammation is a central process in pathological anatomy, representing the body’s response to injury, infection, or immune dysregulation. While protective in nature, inflammation can also contribute to tissue damage and chronic disease progression. This article reviews the classical signs of inflammation, morphological features distinguishing acute and chronic forms, and their clinical implications. Special emphasis is placed on histopathological variants, the molecular basis of inflammatory responses, and emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence in digital pathology. Understanding inflammation at both structural and molecular levels is essential for advancing diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic strategies.