Understanding the effects of Li-ion electrode calendering on active material particles via XRD-CT

Calendering of Li-ion battery electrodes is an essential manufacturing step. Despite this, the calendering effect is only understood at a very high level, only a few studies have looked at effects on the active material of the electrodes , and these focus on morphology1, 2. In this experiment we will use XRD-CT to study effect of calendering industry-standard Li-ion electrodes in operando conditions ([NMC622] and graphite). The results of this experiment will reveal the induced stresses on active material particles, and observe the crystallographic alignment of graphite particle grains, both phenomena can have a substantial effect on cycling behaviour of electrodes, so it is crucial to understand them.