RNA-seq Matrix

The emergence of eusociality is one of the major events in evolution. Although several previous studies have investigated the mechanism underlying caste differentiation and social behavior of eusocial insects including ants and honeybees, the molecular circuits governing the sociality of these insects remain obscure. In this study, we profiled the brain transcriptome of all categories of adult castes: queens, males, gynes and workers in Monomorium pharaonis which is a typical caste-dependent eusocial insect. A total of 16 samples from 4 biological replicates were processed and sequenced, resulting in 243.95 Gb high quality raw sequencing data. We also demonstrated strong reproducibility of the datasets and identified specific genes that may be associated with caste differentiation. Overall, our data will be a valuable resource for further study of the mechanisms underlying eusocial insects behaviour, particularly the role of brain in the control of eusociality.