Data from: Divergent selection on, but no genetic conflict over, female and male timing and rate of reproduction in a human population

The sexes often have different phenotypic optima for important
life-history traits, and because of a largely shared genome this can lead
to a conflict over trait expression. In mammals, the obligate costs of
reproduction are higher for females, making reproductive timing and rate
especially liable to conflict between the sexes. While studies from wild
vertebrates support such sexual conflict, it remains unexplored in humans.
We used a pedigreed human population from preindustrial Finland to
estimate sexual conflict over age at first and last reproduction,
reproductive lifespan and reproductive rate. We found that the phenotypic
selection gradients differed between the sexes. We next established
significant heritabilities in both sexes for all traits. All traits,
except reproductive rate, showed strongly positive intersexual genetic
correlations and were strongly genetically correlated with fitness in both
sexes. Moreover, the genetic correlations with fitness were almost
identical in men and women. For reproductive rate, the intersexual
correlation and the correlation with fitness were weaker but again similar
between the sexes. Thus, in this population, an apparent sexual conflict
at the phenotypic level did not reflect an underlying genetic conflict
over the studied reproductive traits. These findings emphasize the need
for incorporating genetic perspectives into studies of human life-history
evolution.