应急管理部发布2022年全国十大自然灾害
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经应急管理部会同工业和信息化部、自然资源部、住房城乡建设部、交通运输部、水利部、农业农村部、卫生健康委、统计局、气象局、银保监会、粮食和储备局、林草局、中国红十字会总会、国铁集团等部门和单位对2022年全国重大自然灾害事件会商核定，全国十大自然灾害如下（按时间排序）： 一、1月8日青海门源6.9级地震 1月8日1时45分，青海海北州门源县发生6.9级地震，震源深度10千米。震中位于青海、甘肃两省交界处，此后又发生5.1级、5.2 级强余震，地震共造成青海、甘肃、内蒙古、宁夏4省（区）17.1万人受灾，不同程度损坏房屋9.5万间，局地交通、市政等基础设施受损严重，直接经济损失32.5亿元。 二、2月中下旬南方低温雨雪冰冻灾害 2月中下旬，南方出现大范围低温雨雪冰冻灾害过程，持续时间长，暴雪落区偏南，降水（雪）强度大。持续低温雨雪冰冻对农业生产、交通、电力等造成一定影响。灾害造成福建、江西、湖南、广东、广西等9省（区、市）77个市447个县（市、区）609.2万人受灾，近8400人紧急转移安置；农作物受灾面积422.3千公顷；900余间房屋倒塌，近6500间不同程度损坏；直接经济损失78.9亿元。 三、6月上中旬珠江流域暴雨洪涝灾害 5月下旬至6月上中旬，我国华南地区遭遇1961年以来第2强的“龙舟水”过程。受其影响，珠江流域连续形成2次流域性较大洪水，北江出现1915年以来最大洪水，西江、北江、韩江先后发生7次编号洪水，局地发生严重城乡内涝和山洪地质灾害等。灾害造成广东、广西2省（区）648.9万人次受灾，因灾死亡失踪37人，紧急转移安置50.2万人次；倒塌房屋9200余间，不同程度损坏2.4万间；农作物受灾面积288.4千公顷；直接经济损失278.2亿元。 四、6月份闽赣湘三省暴雨洪涝灾害 6月份，福建、江西、湖南多地遭遇多轮强降雨过程，累计雨量大、降雨落区重叠、受灾范围广，多条河流发生超历史洪水，引发洪涝和次生地质灾害等，农业、水利、交通、供水、供电等基础设施受损严重。灾害造成福建、江西、湖南3省814.2万人次受灾，因灾死亡失踪29人，紧急转移安置62.9万人次；倒塌房屋9100余间，不同程度损坏5万余间；农作物受灾面积582千公顷；直接经济损失433亿元。 五、2022年第3号台风“暹芭” 2022年第3号台风“暹芭”于7月2日15时左右在广东电白沿海登陆（台风级，35米/秒）。登陆后穿过广东、广西、湖南3省（区），其残余环流继续北上影响我国黄淮、东北等地。造成广东、广西、海南等省（区）39个市165个县（市、区）186.29万人受灾，紧急转移安置7万余人；倒塌房屋670余间，不同程度损坏近1400间；农作物受灾面积109.01千公顷；直接经济损失31.2亿元。 六、7月中旬四川暴雨洪涝灾害 7月11日至17日，四川省部分地区遭受多轮强降雨天气，部分地区降暴雨，局地大暴雨，并伴有雷电、阵性大风等强对流天气，引发山洪、泥石流等灾害。造成绵阳、阿坝、雅安等13市（州）76个县（市、区）27.9万人受灾，因灾死亡失踪36人，紧急转移安置1.4万人；倒塌房屋近400间，不同程度损坏近2200间；农作物受灾面积3.9千公顷；直接经济损失24.8亿元。 七、长江流域夏秋冬连旱 7月至11月上半月，长江流域降水异常偏少、极端高温天气持续，中旱以上日数为77天，较常年同期偏多54天，为有完整实测资料以来最严重的气象水文干旱，极端高温干旱对相关地区农业生产、人畜饮水、电力供应、生态环境等造成严重影响。旱情峰值时，造成四川、重庆、湖北、湖南、江西等12省（区、市）3978万人受灾，701.4万人因旱需生活救助；农作物受灾面积4270千公顷；直接经济损失408.5亿元。 八、8月上旬辽宁暴雨洪涝灾害 7月底至8月上旬，辽宁省中西部、东南部等地出现暴雨到大暴雨，引发洪涝灾害，辽河干流持续超警，支流绕阳河堤防发生决口险情，农业、基础设施等损失较重。灾害造成锦州、阜新、盘锦等9市31个县（市、区）54.9万人受灾，紧急转移安置3.4万人；倒塌房屋100余间，不同程度损坏8500余间；农作物受灾面积166.4千公顷；直接经济损失76亿元。 九、8月17日青海大通山洪灾害 8月17日22时许，受持续强降雨影响，青海省多地发生暴雨洪涝灾害，西宁市大通县青林乡、青山乡等地瞬时强降雨引发山洪，道路、桥梁、水利等基础设施受损严重。灾害共造成西宁、海北、海东、黄南、果洛5市（州）11个县（市、区）6.5万人受灾，因灾死亡失踪31人，紧急转移安置3300余人；倒塌房屋100余间，不同程度损坏9000余间；农作物受灾面积5.3千公顷；直接经济损失6.9亿元。 十、9月5日四川泸定6.8级地震 9月5日12时52分，四川省甘孜藏族自治州泸定县发生6.8级地震，震源深度16公里。地震造成四川省甘孜、雅安等6市（州）24个县（市、区）54.8万人受灾，因灾死亡失踪117人，紧急转移安置8万人；倒塌房屋1.2万间，不同程度损坏26.5万间；灾区居民住房及电力、通信、道路等基础设施损毁严重，直接经济损失154.8亿元。
The top 10 major natural disasters across China in 2022 were jointly consulted and verified by the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with relevant departments and units including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Health Commission, National Bureau of Statistics, China Meteorological Administration, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Red Cross Society of China, and China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. The list is sorted chronologically: 1. M6.9 earthquake in Menyuan, Qinghai on January 8 At 01:45 on January 8, a M6.9 earthquake struck Menyuan County, Haibei Prefecture, Qinghai Province, at a depth of 10 km. The epicenter was located at the junction of Qinghai and Gansu provinces, followed by two strong aftershocks of M5.1 and M5.2 respectively. The earthquake affected 171,000 people in four provinces (autonomous regions): Qinghai, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, and Ningxia. Approximately 95,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees, and local transportation, municipal and other infrastructure suffered severe damage. The direct economic loss reached 3.25 billion yuan. 2. Low-temperature, rain, snow and freezing disaster in southern China in mid-to-late February In mid-to-late February, a large-scale low-temperature, rain, snow and freezing disaster occurred in southern China, characterized by long duration, abnormally southern snowstorm areas, and intense precipitation (snow). The prolonged low-temperature, rain, snow and freezing disaster caused certain impacts on agricultural production, transportation, power supply and other sectors. The disaster affected 6.092 million people in 447 counties (cities, districts) of 77 cities in nine provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) including Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, and Guangxi, with nearly 8,400 people being urgently transferred and resettled. The affected crop area reached 422.3 thousand hectares; more than 900 houses collapsed, and nearly 6,500 houses were damaged to varying degrees. The direct economic loss was 7.89 billion yuan. 3. Torrential rain and flood disasters in the Pearl River Basin in early and mid-June From late May to early and mid-June, South China encountered the second strongest "Dragon Boat Rain" process since 1961. Affected by this, two large-scale basin-wide floods successively formed in the Pearl River Basin. The Beijiang River saw the largest flood since 1915, and seven numbered floods occurred in the Xijiang, Beijiang and Hanjiang Rivers successively. Severe urban and rural waterlogging and mountain flood and geological disasters occurred in some areas. The disaster affected 6.489 million people in two provinces (autonomous regions): Guangdong and Guangxi, with 37 people killed or missing due to the disaster, and 502,000 people urgently transferred and resettled. More than 9,200 houses collapsed, and 24,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees; the affected crop area was 288.4 thousand hectares. The direct economic loss reached 27.82 billion yuan. 4. Torrential rain and flood disasters in Fujian, Jiangxi and Hunan Provinces in June In June, many areas in Fujian, Jiangxi and Hunan Provinces suffered multiple rounds of heavy rainfall, with accumulated large rainfall, overlapping rainfall areas, and wide affected scope. Multiple rivers exceeded historical flood levels, triggering floods and secondary geological disasters. Agricultural, water conservancy, transportation, water supply, power supply and other infrastructures suffered severe damage. The disaster affected 8.142 million people in the three provinces, with 29 people killed or missing due to the disaster, and 629,000 people urgently transferred and resettled. More than 9,100 houses collapsed, and more than 50,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees; the affected crop area was 582 thousand hectares. The direct economic loss reached 43.3 billion yuan. 5. Typhoon Chanthu (No. 3, 2022) Typhoon Chanthu, the 3rd typhoon of 2022, made landfall on the coast of Dianbai, Guangdong at around 15:00 on July 2 (typhoon level, 35 m/s). After landfall, it passed through Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan provinces (autonomous regions), and its residual circulation continued northward to affect Huanghuai, Northeast China and other regions. The disaster affected 1.8629 million people in 165 counties (cities, districts) of 39 cities in provinces (autonomous regions) including Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, with more than 70,000 people urgently transferred and resettled; more than 670 houses collapsed, and nearly 1,400 houses were damaged to varying degrees; the affected crop area was 109.01 thousand hectares. The direct economic loss was 3.12 billion yuan. 6. Torrential rain and flood disasters in Sichuan Province in mid-July From July 11 to 17, some areas in Sichuan Province suffered multiple rounds of heavy rainfall, with some areas experiencing rainstorms and local heavy rainstorms, accompanied by severe convective weather such as thunderstorms and gusty winds, triggering mountain floods, mudslides and other disasters. The disaster affected 279,000 people in 76 counties (cities, districts) of 13 cities (prefectures) including Mianyang, Aba and Ya'an, with 36 people killed or missing due to the disaster, and 14,000 people urgently transferred and resettled; nearly 400 houses collapsed, and nearly 2,200 houses were damaged to varying degrees; the affected crop area was 3.9 thousand hectares. The direct economic loss was 2.48 billion yuan. 7. Concurrent summer, autumn and winter drought in the Yangtze River Basin From July to the first half of November, precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin was abnormally low, and extreme high-temperature weather persisted. The number of days with moderate to severe drought reached 77, which was 54 days more than the same period in normal years, making it the most severe meteorological and hydrological drought since complete measured data were available. The extreme high-temperature and drought caused severe impacts on agricultural production, domestic water supply for humans and livestock, power supply, ecological environment and other aspects in relevant areas. At the peak of the drought, the disaster affected 39.78 million people in 12 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) including Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi, with 7.014 million people in need of living assistance due to drought; the affected crop area was 4270 thousand hectares. The direct economic loss reached 40.85 billion yuan. 8. Torrential rain and flood disasters in Liaoning Province in early August From late July to early August, heavy rain to torrential rain occurred in central and western, southeastern and other areas of Liaoning Province, triggering flood disasters. The main stream of the Liao River continued to exceed the warning water level, and dike breaches occurred in the Raoyang River, a tributary. Agricultural and infrastructure losses were severe. The disaster affected 549,000 people in 31 counties (cities, districts) of 9 cities including Jinzhou, Fuxin and Panjin, with 34,000 people urgently transferred and resettled; more than 100 houses collapsed, and more than 8,500 houses were damaged to varying degrees; the affected crop area was 166.4 thousand hectares. The direct economic loss was 7.6 billion yuan. 9. Mountain flood disaster in Datong, Qinghai on August 17 At around 22:00 on August 17, affected by continuous heavy rainfall, rain, flood and geological disasters occurred in many areas of Qinghai Province. Instant heavy rainfall in Qinglin Township and Qingshan Township, Datong County, Xining City triggered mountain floods, causing severe damage to roads, bridges, water conservancy and other infrastructures. The disaster affected 65,000 people in 11 counties (cities, districts) of 5 cities (prefectures) including Xining, Haibei, Haidong, Huangnan and Guoluo, with 31 people killed or missing due to the disaster, and more than 3,300 people urgently transferred and resettled; more than 100 houses collapsed, and more than 9,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees; the affected crop area was 5.3 thousand hectares. The direct economic loss was 690 million yuan. 10. M6.8 earthquake in Luding, Sichuan on September 5 At 12:52 on September 5, a M6.8 earthquake struck Luding County, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, at a depth of 16 km. The earthquake affected 548,000 people in 24 counties (cities, districts) of 6 cities (prefectures) including Garze and Ya'an in Sichuan Province, with 117 people killed or missing due to the disaster, and 80,000 people urgently transferred and resettled; 12,000 houses collapsed, and 265,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees. The infrastructure such as residents' housing, power supply, communication and roads in the disaster-stricken area suffered severe damage, with the direct economic loss reaching 15.48 billion yuan.
