Claim Verification: "The Pyramid of Giza was built by slaves." — Disproved

Automated fact-verification of the claim: "The Pyramid of Giza was built by slaves." Verdict: DISPROVED Key Findings The claim is disproved: 3 out of 3 independent sources (threshold: 3) were verified on their cited pages and all uniformly reject the "built by slaves" narrative. Archaeologist Zahi Hawass stated directly: "No way would they have been buried so honorably if they were slaves" — workers' tombs near the pyramids are inconsistent with enslaved status (B1). AAP FactCheck confirmed: "But the pyramids were not built by slaves" — citing Dr. Karin Sowada (Macquarie University) and the Wadi el-Jarf papyri, which document organized, provisioned work teams (B2). Hawass's own publication on the tomb discovery states: "The pyramid builders were not slaves but peasants conscripted on a rotating part-time basis" — supported by physical tombs, medical care evidence, and named work-gang graffiti (B3). Three independent adversarial searches found no peer-reviewed study, no reliable ancient source, and no credible alternative interpretation supporting slave labor at Giza. Files proof.py — Re-runnable Python verification script proof.md — Structured proof report proof_audit.md — Full verification audit trail proof_narrative.md — Plain-language summary proof.json — Machine-readable structured data Generated by Proof Engine v1.2.0.