(A) MCP-1 mRNA expression. (B) IL-1β mRNA expression. (C) IL-6 mRNA expression. *One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests. This table supports the statistical comparisons shown in Fig 3A–C. (XLSX)
In mining activities, the substantial use of organic flotation agents leads to their co-discharge with heavy metals into the environment, resulting in forming heavy metal-organic composite pollution a